Characteristics of the Modern Mosque Facade in Banda Aceh City as a Passive Ventilation System

Abstract

Abstract The modern mosque is synonymous with fabricated materials, has a function as a place of prayer and sunnah activities related to religion/social nature. The interesting thing that is becoming a trend in Banda Aceh is the construction of these modern mosques applying ventilated facades in the form of intricate ornaments, but then they are covered with glass material. In fact, glass material is actually the highest heat contributor to the building envelope, so to get thermal comfort inside the mosque, you have to use mechanical ventilation in the form of an air conditioner. This phenomenon results in non-functional design, wastage of electrical energy, and environmental pollution which has an impact on increasing global warming. This paper aims to evaluate the shape and facade design characteristics of modern mosques in Banda Aceh from thermal comfort based on the application of passive ventilation elements, in order to conclude whether the architectural design of the mosque is functional to achieve thermal comfort before being covered with glass. This mix method study was initiated by measuring the surface air temperature of each sample, then analysis and discussion were carried out on the sample with the lowest temperature and the sample with the highest temperature. The design of the building façade determines the movement of wind inside the mosque, and shading with vegetation and the use of environmentally friendly materials on the exterior will help achieve thermal comfort.