Effect of climate change to characteristic of extreme rainfall over Batanghari watershed

Abstract

Abstract Climate change will cause extreme rainfall, both wet and dry. Extreme rainfall will cause catastrophic floods and droughts. Therefore, it is important to analyse extreme rainfall and flood events in the future. Disasters and environmental issues in the Batanghari watershed include flooding, drought, forest and land fires, sedimentation, and water quality degradation. Therefore, the Batanghari watershed is selected as a study area in this research. Research on climate change in the Batanghari watershed is crucial to understanding the trend of extreme conditions now and in the future. Characteristics of extreme rainfall will be analysed using the climate index that was developed by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI). Results show that climate change in the Batanghari watershed is indicated by increasing 5 of 6 extreme rainfall indices: R95p, R99p, Rx1day, Rx5day, and SDII. An increase in extreme rainfall is correlated with an increase in flood events in the Batanghari watershed in similar periods. The extreme rainfall index that most influences flooding in the Batanghari watershed is PRCPTOT and R99p. Flooding is expected to occur more frequently in the future than it does now. The Batanghari Hilir Sub-watershed is more vulnerable to extreme flooding in the future than other sub-watershed.