The Morphological Characteristics of Phaseolus lunatus L. in Different Areas of East Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract Phaseolus lunatus L. is a type of legumes of which population is decreasing in Indonesia. The studies on analyzing Phaseolus lunatus L. from Indonesia are scarcely conducted. This current research aimed at revealing the diversity of Phaseolus lunatus L. which spreads across East Java, Indonesia. There are 15 accessions of Phaseolus lunatus L. which can be found in Madura, Probolinggo, Kediri, Tulungagung, and Malang. The morphological observation involved qualitative and quantitative parameters conducted in all collected accessions. The quantitative data were analyzed using one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) by considering the accessions as independent variables and quantitative parameters as the dependent variables. The qualitative characters obtained were that all accessions had triangular shaped leaves and short green pods, whereas there were variations in the flower wings color (from white to purple), seed hull colors (from cream to black), and seed shape (kidney, cuboid, oval). Based on the results of the multivariate testing, the morphological characteristics of each Phaseolus lunatus L. accession were significantly different (p < 0.005). Based on the univariate testing results, there is a significant difference on the weight, length, width, and thickness of seed, the length, and width of the leaf, and also the length and width of the pod (p < 0.005). The findings have shown that there are differences in various morphological parameters which can be used as the foundation for further researches.