The productivity of five-field crop rotations and their influence on humus content in southern Russia

Abstract

Abstract It is proved that the productivity of all crops is higher when growing them in crop rotation, and not permanently. According to a significant number of scientists, crop rotation is the only agricultural element in the system of agriculture, the action of which is based on natural foundations. Proper crop rotation, with an appropriate set of crops, helps stabilize the presence of humus in the soil. If the structure contains 20-25% of legumes, the amount of humus in the soil will not only stabilize but will increase. The purpose of these studies is to study the productivity of short-rotational crop rotations and to establish their effect on soil fertility, in particular on the presence of humus after two rotations. The experimental component of the study consists of three repetitions with a randomized placement of crop rotations. Soil cultivation, norms and terms of fertilizer application, sowing, and crop care are generally accepted. All studied crop rotations are recommended to farm enterprises, depending on the specialization of the farm. Crop rotations with clean steam should be in farms engaged in the production of a marketable grain of valuable and robust wheat and seed production. Crop rotations with busy couples should be in enterprises that specialize in raising dairy cattle. Crop rotation is an economically viable, real way to increase the productivity of each crop and the entire crop rotation as a whole, as well as restoration of soil fertility. Compliance with crop rotation stabilizes or increases the presence of humus from 1.70 to 2% in a layer of 0-40 cm.