Reducing The Soil Erosion by Improving Infiltration Rate of Sprinkler Irrigation Under Laboratory Conditions

Abstract

Abstract The soil under arid and semi-arid conditions is subject to erosion by irrigation. Polyacrylamide (PAM) significantly reduces erosion from irrigation. The PAM applied with sprinklers will provide erosion control and benefit the water infiltration rate, Soil was sieved by (6.2 mm) and placed in (0.75 * 0.60 * 0.15 m) steel boxes, a slope gradient of (6%), a median drop size of (1.2) mm was sprayed by a hanging oscillating nozzle on a height of (3 m). It used (0, 3, and 6 kg ha-1) PAM sprayed by (80 mmh-1) of water intensity for irrigation, followed by the two other-only irrigations. At (PAM=0) runoff mm, soil loss kgha-1 decreased (40%, 73.15%) respectively in the wheat straw treatments compared with bare flumes, in the time infiltration rate mmh-1 increased by (24.52% )in the same condition, It was shown that a significant difference between the mean of runoff at W. straw and bare treatment at (P <0.05), also a runoff was highly significantly affected (P >0.01) by using (PAM), the result shown that there was a nonlinear relationship between soil loss and runoff. with a coefficient of determination R2=0.95. The costs of (polyacrylamide), are between (40-50 $ ha-1) it depending on the type and the company, W. straw residue can be obtained cheaply after the domestic harvesting season.