Improving the efficiency of creating a mole irrigation system in the Lower Volga region

Abstract

Abstract The article presents the results of research in the Lower Volga region on the development of working bodies for the installation of mole sprinklers in the soil (soil pipes for supplying water to plants). This method of irrigation, as the main type of subsoil irrigation of agricultural crops, is used in this region for the first time. In field experiments, 3 options for the design of expanders were studied, as the main elements of molehills for the formation of mole drains. These were expanders combining a cone and a cylinder (cone-cylindrical); truncated cone and paraboloid (cone-parabolic form) and vice versa, paraboloid and truncated cone (parabolic form). Each form differed by 3-4 lengths of the main part of the body and diameters. The conducted studies showed that among the three considered forms of expanders, the cone-parabolic one turned out to be the most effective, since the degree of safety of the molehills here was the highest. With a cutting depth of 0.45 … 0.50 m, the degree of shedding of the walls decreased with an increase in the diameter of molehills more than 50 mm, reaching the best results for mole irrigators with a diameter of 70 mm. Comparison of different lengths showed that molehills are formed most effectively when using 380 mm long expanders. The results obtained will be used in 2023. to create an effective mole irrigation system for technical (on the example of cotton) and leguminous crops (on the example of soybeans).