Abstract
Abstract
Acoustic levitation manipulation technology holds significant potential for applications in chemistry, biology, medicine, and micro-robotics due to its contact-less, adaptability, and safety advantages. The use of ultrasonic phased array is widespread in acoustic levitation, and the arrangement of the array plays a crucial role in this process. This study investigates the impact of array arrangement on concave and planar arrays. The acoustic levitation performance of concave and planar arrays is analysed with the maximum acoustic radiation force (ARF) and levitation range. The results indicate that concave and planar arrays exhibit similar trends with height in terms of ARF and levitation range and having a maximum value (for concave array, R = 38 mm and H = 67 mm in the z-axis, R = 34 mm and H = 61 mm in the x-axis, and for planar array, H = 66 mm in the long side and H= 55 mm in the short side). However, each array type’s ARF and levitation range variety follow opposite trends, with a maximum value when R = 90 mm and H = 195 mm for concave array and H = 165 mm for planar array. Adjusting the inclination of the array makes it possible to enhance the ARF and expand the control range. Furthermore, the optimal operating region of a concave array is concentrated at the intersection of the spherical axis (R =
H/2 when varying the curvature and height, ϕ = φ when rotavating), while the planar array offers a broader range of manipulation due to its insensitivity to minor variations. This research reveals the influence of array arrangement on ARF and levitation range, providing valuable insights for designing and optimizing acoustic levitation devices.