Diversity of plant DNA in stool is linked to dietary quality, age, and household income

Author:

Petrone Brianna L.12ORCID,Aqeel Ammara1,Jiang Sharon1,Durand Heather K.1,Dallow Eric P.1,McCann Jessica R.1,Dressman Holly K.3,Hu Zhengzheng3,Tenekjian Christine B.4,Yancy William S.45,Lin Pao-Hwa6,Scialla Julia J.78,Seed Patrick C.9,Rawls John F.110ORCID,Armstrong Sarah C.11,Stevens June12ORCID,David Lawrence A.110ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710

2. Medical Scientist Training Program, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710

3. Duke Microbiome Core Facility, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710

4. Duke Lifestyle and Weight Management Center, Durham, NC 27710

5. Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710

6. Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705

7. Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903

8. Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903

9. Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611

10. Duke Microbiome Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710

11. Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710

12. Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599

Abstract

Eating a varied diet is a central tenet of good nutrition. Here, we develop a molecular tool to quantify human dietary plant diversity by applying DNA metabarcoding with the chloroplast trnL -P6 marker to 1,029 fecal samples from 324 participants across two interventional feeding studies and three observational cohorts. The number of plant taxa per sample (plant metabarcoding richness or pMR) correlated with recorded intakes in interventional diets and with indices calculated from a food frequency questionnaire in typical diets (ρ = 0.40 to 0.63). In adolescents unable to collect validated dietary survey data, trnL metabarcoding detected 111 plant taxa, with 86 consumed by more than one individual and four (wheat, chocolate, corn, and potato family) consumed by >70% of individuals. Adolescent pMR was associated with age and household income, replicating prior epidemiologic findings. Overall, trnL metabarcoding promises an objective and accurate measure of the number and types of plants consumed that is applicable to diverse human populations.

Funder

HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Burroughs Wellcome Fund

Duke Microbiome Center

Springer Nature

Triangle Center for Evolutionary Medicine

Integrative Bioinformatics for Investigating and Engineering Microbiomes

HHS | National Institutes of Health

Publisher

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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