THEORETICAL BASIS OF DETERMINING THE CLIMATE OF THE ORGANIZATION AND FACTORS OF ITS FORMATION

Abstract

The article deals with the theoretical basics of determining the climate of the organization, considers the features of psychological and organizational climate, identifies factors that influence the formation of climate of the organization and the impact of climate of the organization on team members. Perception of the working environment and the attitude of employees to the organization and management processes through the climate of the organization were characterized. Climate of the organization, organizational climate and psychological climate were differentiated by the authors. The climate of the organization consists of organizational climate and psychological climate that interact with each other. The more employees in the organization, the more complex will be the structure of the climate of the organization. The conducted analysis of the factors influencing the formation of climate, allowed to extend their list. The authors suggest to consider the form of ownership and personal characteristics of owners as formation factors of the climate of the organization. Opportunities for an employee’s self-development also have a significant impact on the formation and maintenance of the climate of the organization. The study of publications on a specific topic allowed the authors to conclude that the climate of the organization has a complex structure and consists of organizational climate as a perception of the organizational environment and psychological climate as an individual perception of organizational practices and procedures. The authors propose the basic factors that shape the psychological and organizational climate. The basic factors of psychological climate formation (climate at the individual level) are: personal characteristics of the employee, clarity of defined roles in the team, importance for the employee and its content, support of the leader and the quality of cooperation in working groups. Basic organizational climate forming factors are: personal characteristics of leaders, leadership style, distribution of work, the effectiveness of team building, communication efficiency. Psychological and organizational climate, forming the climate of the organization, determine the effectiveness of the organization and influence its management system. In addition, the climate of the organization has an impact on the formation of organizational culture. Keywords: climate of the organization, psychological climate, organizational climate.