1. interesting to note that all 46 CpG sites on contribute to spontaneous mutation. These
2. both strands in exons 5 to 8 of the p53 include defective DNA excision-repair
3. gene are methylated and that methylation is low levels of antioxidants and antioxidant
4. independent of tissue type (20). enzymes (e.g. superoxide dismutase) low
5. levels of nucleophiles (e.g. glutathione)