1. psychostimulants kindling development starting point for understanding which
2. startle response olfactory threshold condi- neural substrates may be altered.
3. tioned and nonconditioned avoidance A final point should be made about the
4. responses to aversive stimuli (including use of animal models for a complex disorder
5. odors) memory tasks and other complex such as MCS. Alterations in CNS function