How Do We Model Learning at Scale? A Systematic Review of Research on MOOCs

Author:

Joksimović SrećkoORCID,Poquet Oleksandra,Kovanović Vitomir1ORCID,Dowell Nia2,Mills Caitlin3,Gašević Dragan4,Dawson Shane1,Graesser Arthur C.5,Brooks Christopher2

Affiliation:

1. University of South Australia

2. University of Michigan

3. University of Notre Dame

4. University of Edinburgh

5. University of Memphis

Abstract

Despite a surge of empirical work on student participation in online learning environments, the causal links between the learning-related factors and processes with the desired learning outcomes remain unexplored. This study presents a systematic literature review of approaches to model learning in Massive Open Online Courses offering an analysis of learning-related constructs used in the prediction and measurement of student engagement and learning outcome. Based on our literature review, we identify current gaps in the research, including a lack of solid frameworks to explain learning in open online setting. Finally, we put forward a novel framework suitable for open online contexts based on a well-established model of student engagement. Our model is intended to guide future work studying the association between contextual factors (i.e., demographic, classroom, and individual needs), student engagement (i.e., academic, behavioral, cognitive, and affective engagement metrics), and learning outcomes (i.e., academic, social, and affective). The proposed model affords further interstudy comparisons as well as comparative studies with more traditional education models.

Publisher

American Educational Research Association (AERA)

Subject

Education

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