Abstract
Optical field ionization is the earliest and fastest
plasma-generating process during the interaction of intense laser light
with matter. By using short and rapidly rising laser pulses, the free
electron density may turn from being transparent for an incoming laser
pulse to reflective in less than half a laser cycle, that is, on a
subfemtosecond timescale. Extremely nonlinear optical effects arise as
a consequence of this. In this article, the basics of optical field
ionization that are relevant in analytical or numerical studies of
intense laser–matter interactions are reviewed. Several
macroscopic effects of field ionization in the interaction of intense
laser pulses with solid targets are briefly surveyed.
Subject
Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Condensed Matter Physics,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
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