Genetically obese mice do not show increased gut permeability or faecal bile acid hydrophobicity

Abstract

Gut barrier dysfunction may lead to metabolic endotoxaemia and low-grade inflammation. Recent publications have demonstrated gut barrier dysfunction in obesity induced by a diet high in fat, and a pathogenetic role for luminal bile acids has been proposed. We aimed to investigate whether genetically obese mice develop increased gut permeability and alterations in luminal bile acids on a diet with a regular fat content. We used seven obese male ob/ob mice of C57BL/6J background and ten male wild-type (WT) mice of the same strain. Faeces were collected for bile acid analysis. Intestinal permeability was measured in an Ussing chamber upon euthanasia, using 4 kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran, as per mille (‰, 1/1000) of translocated dextran. We analysed the liver expression of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), as well as serum LBP (ELISA). Intestinal permeability was not affected by genetic obesity (jejunum: 0·234 (sem 0·04) ‰ for obese v. 0·225 (sem 0·03) ‰ for WT, P= 0·93; colon: 0·222 (sem 0·06) ‰ for obese v. 0·184 (sem 0·03) ‰ for WT, P= 0·86), nor was liver LBP expression (relative expression: 0·55 (sem 0·08) for obese v. 0·55 (sem 0·13) for WT, P= 0·70). Serum LBP was 2·5-fold higher in obese than in WT mice (P= 0·001). Obese mice had increased daily excretion of total bile acids, but their faecal bile acid hydrophobicity was unchanged. In conclusion, genetic obesity did not impair gut barrier function in mice on a regular chow diet, nor was faecal bile acid hydrophobicity affected.