The Saha equation and the adiabatic exponent in shock wave calculations

Author:

Alpher Ralph A.

Abstract

The purpose of this note is to comment on the calculation of equilibrium gas dynamic parameters behind strong shock waves. The writer has been aroused by the appearance of a paper by Guman (1956) presenting a generalized computing scheme for ionizing shock waves in monatomic gases. In that paper the reader is not cautioned about including excited states in the Saha equation for the computation of the degree of ionization behind shock fronts at appropriate temperatures and densities. The same paper treats the adiabatic exponent γ = cp/cv as constant across strong shocks when at the same time it is implied that the computing scheme is of general validity. Hence, the unwary reader might attempt to apply the scheme in a regime where γ is not only no longer constant but is no longer a useful quantity for characterizing the shock conditions. Other authors (see, for example, Glass, Martin & Patterson (1953)) characterize flows in which a shock has excited internal degrees of freedom in terms of a variable specific heat ratio when in fact one cannot use this quantity in calculating shock front conditions.

Publisher

Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Subject

Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,Condensed Matter Physics

Reference18 articles.

1. Bond, J. W. 1954 The structure of a shock front in Argon,Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, Rep. no. LA 1603.

2. Aller, L. H. 1953 Astrophysics—The Atmospheres of the Sun and Stars .New York:Ronald Press.

3. Romig, M. L. 1956 J. Aero. Sci. 23,185.

4. Glass, I. I. , Martin, W. & Patterson, G. N. 1953 A theoretical and experimental study of the shock tube,University of Toronto Institute of Aerophysics, Rep. no. 2.

5. Fuchs, K. , Lynch, G. J. & Peierls, R. 1942 The equation of state of air at high temperature,British Ministry of Supply, Department of Atomic Energy, BDDA 16, Rep. no. MS61 (U.S. Dept of Commerce PBL 87018).

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