Extending the surgical boundaries in the management of the left ventricular outflow tract obstruction in discordant ventriculo-arterial connections – a surgical and morphological study

Abstract

AbstractWhen there is obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract, there are several surgical approaches to the repair of discordant ventriculo-arterial connections in the setting of concordant atrioventricular connections. Choosing the optimal technique demands not only knowledge of the different surgical procedures, but also the understanding of the particular anatomic features present in a specific patient. These requisites are then essential to plan the operation, to foresee some difficult situations, and to avoid post-operative complications. In this review, we assess all these surgical and anatomic aspects, focussing on their relative importance in clinical assessment.