Effect of initial conditions on two-dimensional free shear layers

Abstract

The influence of periodic perturbations on the development of two-dimensional free shear layers generated by a splitter plate was investigated in cases where the ratios of the two velocities u1 and u2 either side of the splitter plate were such that 0 < u1/u2 < 1. Investigations were carried out in both a suction and a blower wind tunnel. Results show that even very weak periodic perturbations caused by the wind tunnel may cause significant nonlinear spreading in the downstream development of the shear layer, a behaviour which is also observed when the shear layer is deliberately excited. Other things being equal, the effect of the disturbance is greater when flow separation at the splitter plate is turbulent than when it is laminar.No self-induced feedback frequencies were measured in the test section. All tonal components that were detected in the flow could be traced to external sources.The influence of trailing-edge thickness on the shear-layer development is found to become significant when it exceeds 50% of the sum of boundary-layer displacement thickness at the point of separation. As the trailing edge becomes thicker, the range over which the shear layer is self-similar is shifted farther downstream. This behaviour may be crucial for predicting the evolution of shear layers in high-speed flows having thin boundary layers at separation.The momentum thickness criterion for estimating the development length of the flow as suggested by Bradshaw is shown to be insufficient for two-stream layers, where additional parameters, e.g. the trailing-edge geometry, have to be taken into account. Discrepancies between previously published observations of shear layers, as well as the considerable scatter in reported measurements, may therefore, to a large extent, be attributable to contamination of the experimental facility.