The Decade 1989–1998 in Spanish Psychology: An Analysis of Development of Professional Psychology in Spain

Abstract

In this paper, an overview of the evolution and current situation of professional psychology in Spain is offered. From a historical viewpoint, since the seventies, the profession of psychologist in Spain has advanced significantly in both quality and quantity. There are many different reasons for this development, although in this paper, we highlight two: the introduction of the Psychology Degree and the development of a professional identity due to the influence of an organization such as the “Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos” [COP - Official College of Psychologists, also denominated The Spanish Psychological Association]. Our description of the current situation is based on the analysis of the results of 6,765 surveys out of the approximately 28,000 that were sent to members of the professional College. In general, these results reveal a profession predominantly practiced by young women (mean age 36 years), working preferably in the clinical area, whose theoretical orientation is mainly behavioral, located for the most part in urban areas, and chiefly working in private practice. The main current professional psychology fields in our country will be analyzed in detail, according to the following criteria: type of center where the professional works, intervention areas, and training required for professional practice. Some final reflections about the defense of our profession are commented upon, proposing training and accreditation strategies as the best way to face increasing problems about the entry of unqualified people into the profession.