Permeable reactive interceptors: blocking diffuse nutrient and greenhouse gases losses in key areas of the farming landscape

Author:

FENTON O.,HEALY M. G.,BRENNAN F.,JAHANGIR M. M. R.,LANIGAN G. J.,RICHARDS K. G.,THORNTON S. F.,IBRAHIM T. G.

Abstract

SUMMARYEngineered remediation technologies such as denitrifying bioreactors target single contaminants along a nutrient transfer continuum. However, mixed contaminant discharges to a water body are more common from agricultural systems. Indeed, evidence presented herein indicates that pollution swapping within denitrifying bioreactor systems adds to such deleterious discharges. The present paper proposes a more holistic approach to contaminant remediation on farms, moving from the use of ‘denitrifying bioreactors’ to the concept of a ‘permeable reactive interceptor’ (PRI). Besides management changes, a PRI should contain additional remediation cells for specific contaminants in the form of solutes, particles or gases. Balance equations and case studies representing different geographic areas are presented and used to create weighting factors. Results showed that national legislation with respect to water and gaseous emissions will inform the eventual PRI design. As it will be expensive to monitor a system continuously in a holistic manner, it is suggested that developments in the field of molecular microbial ecology are essential to provide further insight in terms of element dynamics and the environmental controls on biotransformation and retention processes within PRIs. In turn, microbial and molecular fingerprinting could be used as an in-situ cost-effective tool to assess nutrient and gas balances during the operational phases of a PRI.

Publisher

Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Subject

Genetics,Agronomy and Crop Science,Animal Science and Zoology

Reference50 articles.

1. Denitrifying bioreactors—An approach for reducing nitrate loads to receiving waters

2. Nitrate removal rate, efficiency and pollution swapping potential of different organic carbon media in laboratory denitrification bioreactors

3. Elliot T. (2009). NITRABAR: Remediation of Agricultural Diffuse NITRAte Polluted Waters through the Implementation of a Permeable Reactive BARrier. D16 and D17 – Period One and Two Monitoring Reports. Unknown publisher.

4. Pilot-Scale Evaluation of Denitrification Drainage Bioreactors: Reactor Geometry and Performance

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