Author:
Donovan John J.,Pingitore Nicholas E.,Westphal Andrew
Abstract
We present high-precision measurements of pure element stable isotope
pairs that demonstrate mass has no influence on the backscattering of
electrons at typical electron microprobe energies. The traditional
prediction of average backscatter intensities in compounds was
pragmatically based on elemental mass fractions. Our isotopic
measurements establish that this approximation has no physical basis.
We propose an alternative model to mass fraction averaging, based on
the number of electrons or protons, termed “electron
fraction,” which predicts backscatter yield better than mass
fraction averaging. We also present an improved backscatter (electron
loss) factor based on a modified electron fraction average for the ZAF
atomic number correction that provides a significant analytical
improvement, especially where large atomic number corrections are
required.
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Cited by
18 articles.
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