Spindle Cell Carcinoma in Head and Neck Region

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinicopathological characteristics, treatment and outcomes of spindle cell carcinoma. Study Design: Retrospective study Place and Duration: Multi-centric (MMDC, Multan and Dow university of Health Sciences, Karachi) Nov 2020-July 2021. Methods: There were 40 patients of both genders were presented in this study, patients were aged between 20-70 years. Patients detailed demographics were recorded after taking informed written consent. Patients with primary tongue disease comprised 17 of 40, 13 had primary paranasal sinus disease, 5 had primary hypopharynx disease, 3 had basic vocal cord disease and 2 had primary soft palate and floor of mouth disease. At least 28 people were treated with the goal of becoming entirely repaired (19 patients required surgery only and eight were treated with combined modality). The remaining 12 patients were given palliative care as a last resort. Results: Mean age of the patients was 27.77±4.49 years with mean BMI 25.19±7.64 kg/m2. Male predominance was seen, with a male to female ratio of 4:1. The oral cavity is the most commonly affected region, followed by the oropharynx. Surgery is the first line of treatment, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, depending on the indications for treatment. The shortest follow-up period was 11 months, while the longest was 31 months. Only five patients were presented with a recurrence of their condition. Conclusion: The diagnosis of spindle cell carcinoma is difficult, and histology in conjunction with immunohistochemistry is required for an accurate diagnosis to be made. The oral cavity appears to be the most common place in the younger age group in the current study, which is consistent with findings from prior studies. It is necessary to do additional research to determine the geographic diversity in clinicopathological characteristics, as well as the optimal treatment regimen for this rather rare entity. Keywords: Spindle Cell Carcinoma, Head and Neck, Young age, Treatment, Outcomes