A single-arm open-label pilot study of brief mindfulness meditation to control impulsivity in Parkinson’s disease

Author:

Koh JinsooORCID,Takahashi Maiko,Ohmae Yasuhiko,Taruya Junko,Sakata Mayumi,Yasui Masaaki,Terada Masaki,Ito Hidefumi

Abstract

Background Impulse control disorders are detrimental neuropsychiatric symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Increased impulsivity is a predisposing factor for impulse control disorders and should therefore be controlled. Recently, mindfulness meditation as a non-drug therapy has been reported to be useful in improving neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as impulsivity. Methods We performed a prospective single-arm, open-label pilot trial to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness meditation to control impulsivity in patients with Parkinson’s disease (UMIN clinical trials registry: UMIN000037779). Results Twenty patients with Parkinson’s disease were enrolled in an 8-week mindfulness meditation program. As a primary outcome, we investigated whether the score of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) was significantly reduced after the intervention. As an exploratory examination, functional connectivity changes were also assessed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. After the intervention, the BIS-11 score was decreased from 59.5 [55.6, 63.3] (mean [95% confidence interval]) to 55.2 [50.3, 60.1] (ΔBIS-11: -4.2, [-7.5, -0.9]). Functional connectivity was increased in the default mode network (DMN) at a cluster including the precuneus, posterior cingulate gyrus, and left posterior lobe (false discovery rate-adjusted p [FDR-p] = 0.046) and in the right frontoparietal network (FPN) at the medial frontal lobe (FDR-p = 0.039). Conclusions This open-label, single-arm pilot study provided preliminary data for mindfulness meditation to control the impulsivity of patients with PD. A brief mindfulness meditation program may be effective in controlling impulsivity in PD and may change the functional connectivity of the DMN and right FPN.

Funder

grant-in-aid for scientific research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Takeda Japan Medical Office Funded Research Grant 2018

Publisher

Public Library of Science (PLoS)

Subject

Multidisciplinary

Reference59 articles.

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