The prevalence and associated characteristics of Bipolar Disorder diagnosis among admitted patients at three tertiary psychiatric hospitals in Zimbabwe: A cross sectional study

Abstract

Background Bipolar Affective Disorder (BD) is a serious condition that affects more than 1% of the world’s population. If not treated can cause disability, yet its prevalence in Zimbabwe is not known. This study explores the burden of Bipolar Disorder and its associated factors in Zimbabwe. Methods A cross sectional study with a sample of 272 participants was carried out at three tertiary hospitals in Zimbabwe. Data was collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I). The study shows the prevalence and factors associated with Bipolar Disorder at tertiary psychiatric hospitals. Data analysis was done using STATA S/E 13.0 for data management. Results The prevalence of BD in the sample was 39.3%. Factors associated with BD were, being formally employed (AOR = 3.69, 95%CI: 1.55–8.79), a history of defaulting medications (AOR = 1.90, 95%CI: 1.02–3.57) and a reported previous diagnosis of BD (AOR = 5.66, 95%CI: 2.72–11.8). Conclusions The prevalence of BD among admitted participants in tertiary psychiatric hospitals in Zimbabwe is high. It is comparable to that from African studies done in clinical settings. There is need for in-service training for clinicians to be more vigilant in diagnosing BD.