An optimized location service for the fifth generation VANETs inspired by traffic lights

Abstract

Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) address a steadily expanding demand, particularly for public emergency applications. Real-time localization of destination vehicles is important for determining the route to deliver messages. Existing location administration services in VANETs are classified as flooding-based, flat-based, and geographic-based location services. Existing localization techniques suffer from network disconnection and overloading because of 5G VANET topology changes. 5G VANETs have low delay and support time-sensitive applications. A traffic light-inspired location service (TLILS) is proposed to manage localization inspired by traffic lights. The proposed optimized localization service uses roadside units (RSUs) as location servers. RSUs with the maximum traffic weight metrics were chosen. Traffic weight metrics are based on speed of vehicles, connection time and density of neighboring vehicles. The proposed TLILS outperforms both Name-ID Hybrid Routing (NIHR) and Zoom-Out Geographic Location Service (ZGLS) for packet delivery ratio (PDR) and delay. TLILSs guarantee the highest PDR (0.96) and the shortest end-to-end delay (0.001 s) over NIHR and ZGLS.