Abstract
A fundamental challenge in neuroscience is to uncover the principles governing how the brain interacts with the external environment. However, assumptions about external stimuli fundamentally constrain current computational models. We show in silico that unknown external stimulation can produce error in the estimated linear time-invariant dynamical system. To address these limitations, we propose an approach to retrieve the external (unknown) input parameters and demonstrate that the estimated system parameters during external input quiescence uncover spatiotemporal profiles of external inputs over external stimulation periods more accurately. Finally, we unveil the expected (and unexpected) sensory and task-related extra-cortical input profiles using functional magnetic resonance imaging data acquired from 96 subjects (Human Connectome Project) during the resting-state and task scans. This dynamical systems model of the brain offers information on the structure and dimensionality of the BOLD signal’s external drivers and shines a light on the likely external sources contributing to the BOLD signal’s non-stationarity. Our findings show the role of exogenous inputs in the BOLD dynamics and highlight the importance of accounting for external inputs to unravel the brain’s time-varying functional dynamics.
Funder
Mirowski family foundation
Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
Neil and Barbara Smith
John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
Information Society Innovation Fund
Allen Foundation
Army Research Laboratory
Army Research Office
Office of Naval Research
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
National Science Foundation
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Cited by
1 articles.
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