Abstract
Background
More than 85% of the malaria cases in Panama occur in poor, rural and indigenous regions like Darien Province. Vector diversity, infection rate and spatial distribution are important entomological parameters of malaria transmission dynamics. Their understanding is crucial for the development of effective disease control strategies. The objective of this study was to determine the composition of Anopheles species, their natural infection rate and their geographic distribution to better understand the malaria transmission dynamics in Darién, Panama.
Methods
Anophelines mosquitoes were captured during the rainy and dry season of 2016. We selected five communities where adult anophelines were collected using CDC light-traps, and through protective human-baited traps. Detection of natural infection and Plasmodium genotype were detected via nested PCR through the amplification of ssrRNA and the circumsporozoite protein gene (csp), respectively.
Results
A total of 1,063 mosquitoes were collected mosquitoes were collected for the detection of natural infection with Plasmodium spp. Nine Anophelines species were identified, with the predominant species being: An. (Nys.) darlingi (45.0%) and An. (Nys.) albimanus (42.6%). Natural infection in An. (Nys.) albimanus with P. vivax was detected in one mosquito pool from the community Pueblo Tortuga (0.6%), three from Marraganti (1.7%), two from Bajo Chiquito (1.1%) and three pools from Alto Playona 3 (1.7%). For An. (Nys.) darlingi mosquitoes, we detected seven positive pools from the community Bajo Chiquito (4.0%), two pools from Marraganti (1.1%) and two pools from Alto Playona (1.1%). The P. vivax allelic variant VK210 was detected in infected mosquitoes.
Conclusion
The results from this study provide new information on the transmission dynamics associated with anophelines vectors in the Darién region. This is the first report of natural P. vivax infection in An. (Nys.) darlingi and its incrimination as a potential malaria vector in this region of Panama. Additional studies are necessary to expand our knowledge and determine crucial parameters in malaria transmission in Darién, which in turn will aid the National Malaria Program in attaining an adequate malaria control strategy towards malaria elimination.
Funder
Ministry of Economy and Finance of Panama
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Reference83 articles.
1. World Health Organization. World Malaria Report. World 2019. World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland 2019. https://www.mmv.org/sites/default/files/uploads/docs/publications/World%20Malaria%20Report_0.pdf. Accessed: 5 April 2020.
2. Epidemiology and control of malaria in Colombia;JC Padilla;Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz,2011
3. Organización Panamericana de la Salud. Actualización Epidemiológica: Malaria en las Américas en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. Washington, D.C. OPS/OM. 2020; Pag. 7. https://www.paho.org/es/documentos/actualizacion-epidemiologica-malaria-10-junio2020. Accessed: 14 May 2020.
4. Determinación de la resistencia a insecticidas organofosforados, carbamatos y piretroides en Anopheles albimanus (Díptera: Culicidae) de Panamá;L Cáceres;Biomédica,2011
5. Study of the epidemiological behavior of malaria in the Darien region, Panama. 2015–2017;L Cáceres Carrera;PLoS One,2019
Cited by
7 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献