The role of general practice nurses in supporting people to quit smoking: A qualitative study

Abstract

Purpose Encounters with General Practitioners (GPs) have previously been identified as opportune for the delivery of smoking cessation care however the role of nurses in general practice settings is unclear. This study aimed to understand how nurses are providing smoking cessation care in general practice. Methods Participants were registered nurses currently working in a general practice setting in Australia, who participated in one-off interviews over Zoom. Interviews were recorded and a thematic analysis was conducted. Results Fourteen nurses participated of which 13 (93%) were female. Three themes were evident in the data: 1) Nurses’ current practices in supporting people to quit smoking, 2) The influence of the general practice setting on smoking cessation discussions and 3) The challenges experienced by nurses in providing optimal smoking cessation care. Theme one describes the strategies currently employed by nurses to deliver smoking cessation care such as identifying appropriate clinical scenarios to have smoking cessation conversations with patients. Theme two explores the impact of diversity in the systems, processes, and structures across Australian general practice settings on the support offered by nurses, such as opportunities for ongoing relationships with patients Theme three focuses on ambiguity in nurses’ roles within the practice setting including a lack of clarity for nurses in their roles in delivering smoking cessation care in the general practice setting. Conclusions General practice nurses recognise the importance of their role in providing smoking cessation care and consider that general practice settings are ideally positioned to deliver that care. Smoking cessation care provided by nurses varies according to systems and processes within general practice clinics and relationships with general practitioners. Vaping is an emerging issue and nurses are seeking information on how to address this with patients. There is opportunity to support nurses to provide improved smoking cessation care.