Impact of bisoprolol and amlodipine on cardiopulmonary responses and symptoms during exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

Background Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often have exercise intolerance. The prevalence of hypertension in COPD patients ranges from 39–51%, and β-blockers and amlodipine are commonly used drugs for these patients. Objectives We aimed to study the impact of β-blockers and amlodipine on cardiopulmonary responses during exercise. Methods A total 81 patients with COPD were included and the patients underwent spirometry, cardiopulmonary exercise tests, and symptoms questionnaires. Results There were 14 patients who took bisoprolol and 67 patients who did not. Patients with COPD taking ß-blockers had lower blood oxygen concentration (SpO2) and more leg fatigue at peak exercise but similar exercise capacity as compared with patients not taking bisoprolol. There were 18 patients treated with amlodipine and 63 patients without amlodipine. Patients taking amlodipine had higher body weight, lower blood pressure at rest, and lower respiratory rates during peak exercise than those not taking amlodipine. Other cardiopulmonary parameters, such as workload, oxygen consumption at peak exercise, tidal volume at rest or exercise, cardiac index at rest or exercise were not significantly different between patients with or without bisoprolol or amlodipine. Smoking status did not differ between patients with or without bisoprolol or amlodipine. Conclusions COPD is often accompanied by hypertension, and β-blockers and amlodipine are commonly used antihypertensive drugs for these patients. Patients with COPD taking bisoprolol had lower SpO2 and more leg fatigue during peak exercise. Patients taking amlodipine had lower respiratory rates during exercise than those not taking amlodipine. Exercise capacity, tidal volume, and cardiac index during exercise were similar between patients with and without bisoprolol or amlodipine.