Water Exchange Between Lake Ontario and Hamilton Harbour: Water Quality Implications

Author:

Barica J.1,Charlton M.N.12,Poulton D.J.12,Kohli R.1

Affiliation:

1. Lakes Research Branch, National Water Research Institute, P.O. Box 5050, Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Burlington, Ontario, Canada L7R 4A6

2. Water Resources Branch, Ministry of the Environment, 1 St. Clair Avenue West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 1K6

Abstract

Abstract Hamilton Harbour is an enclosed body of water situated at the western end of Lake Ontario and containing about 2.8 x 108 m3 of water, polluted by municipal and industrial effluents. It is connected to Lake Ontario by a ship canal, which facilitates a substantial exchange of water between the two water bodies. Exchange of harbour and lake water through the canal reduces the theoretical hydraulic residence time of the harbour and contributes to improvement of the harbour water quality through dilution and oxygenation. Without it, the Hamilton Harbour water quality situation would be more critical. The beneficial effect of dilution by Lake Ontario far exceeds contamination of western Lake Ontario by Hamilton Harbour water.

Publisher

IWA Publishing

Subject

Water Science and Technology

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