Periodontal Health and Its Association with Age and Trimester in Pregnant Women Visiting Hospitals of Prime Foundation

Abstract

Immune system and trimester-specific hormonal changes that affect the mother and baby during pregnancy raise the hazards to dental health. Objective: To use the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) Index to evaluate expectant mothers' periodontal health and its association with age and trimester. Methods: The research used a descriptive cross-sectional survey in a number of healthcare settings, including outpatient departments for gynecology and dentistry at many hospitals were conducted from January 2022 to December 2022. 384 pregnant patients were evaluated utilizing a specially created questionnaire and the CPITN Index by non-probability sequential sampling. IBM-SPSS Statistics 23.0 was used for statistical analysis, whereby associations between age, trimester, and CPITN scores (p-value < 0.05) were investigated using chi-square tests. Results: The groups with the largest representation in the third trimester (68.8%) and 18–22 (33.6%) were found to be the majority in the age distribution. The majority (59.9%) had a CPITN score of 0, age and trimester has significant association with CPITN scores (p-value<0.05). Conclusions: The study among pregnant women visiting hospitals of Prime Foundation highlights significant associations between periodontal health and trimester, with younger age groups and the third trimester predominantly represented. Most participants exhibited normal gum health, while notable proportions showed calculus and pocket depth issues, underscoring the relevance of these factors in periodontal health during pregnancy.