1. Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, Veterans Administration Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania2Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia3Department of Health Care Management, The Wharton S
2. The Leonard Davis Institute, Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia6Department of Statistics, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
3. Center for Outcomes Research, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
4. Center for Outcomes Research, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania8Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
5. Department of Medicine, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
6. Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
7. Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia4The Leonard Davis Institute, Center for Health Incentives and Behavioral Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
8. Department of Health Care Management, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia7Center for Outcomes Research, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania8Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of