1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head& Neck Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
2. Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
4. Department of Recreation and Sports Management, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
5. Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan