1. Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario AGemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
2. Istituto di Anestesiologia e Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
3. Department of Morphology, Surgery, and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Arcispedale Sant’Anna, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
4. Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Infermi Hospital, Rimini, Italy
5. Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Policlinico di Sant’Orsola, Alma Mater Studiorum–Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
6. European School of Obstetric Anesthesia, EESOA Simulation Center, Rome, Italy
7. University Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, Gabriele d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
8. Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care Medicine, and Emergency, SS Annunziata Hospital, Chieti, Italy
9. for the COVID-ICU Gemelli Study Group