1. Division of Trauma and Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
2. Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center, Department of Surgery, Center for Healthcare Studies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
3. Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care, American College of Surgeons, Chicago, Illinois
4. Department of Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
5. Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
6. Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
7. Department of Emergency Medicine, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
8. The Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland