Special physical fitness factors of athletes involved in pole sports

Abstract

Purpose: to determine the peculiarities of training female athletes engaged in Pole Sports on the basis of the factor analysis of physical, special physical qualities and functional capabilities. Material and methods: the study involved 15 female athletes (age 12-13 years), who are engaged in the sports club "Atmosphere" in Pole Sport and aerial acrobatics, Kharkov. Athletes are in the group of initial training (amateur level) and have the experience of sports activity 1-1,5 years. The study was conducted in September 2021. All participants and their parents agreed to participate in the experiment. Methods: theoretical analysis of literary sources; methods of testing physical development (height, weight); physical fitness (Push-ups 30 s, jumping rope for 3 min, lifting the trunk in sitting position in 1 minute, dynamometry of right and left arms, tilt of the body forward from the sitting position); special physical condition (chopper, pulling up on the pole, jumping rope for 3 min, jumping " Heels back", jumps with turning 180°, jumps with turning 360°, jumping into grouping); methods of functional capabilities (Genchi and Ruffier tests), mathematical and statistical methods using "EXCEL" and "SPSS" computer programs (factor analysis by principal component method was used).  Results. A factor analysis of physical development indicators, physical training, functional athletes specializing in Pole Sport. It was found that in the structure of preparation of the athletes of this group overcomes the first factor "Special endurance" (15,21% of the total total dispersion), then the second "Functional abilities" (14,54% of the total total dispersion), the third factor "Power capabilities" (14,12% of the total cumulative variance) and the fourth factor " Coordination abilities" (14,02% of the total cumulative variance), the fifth factor " Flexibility " (13,52% of the total cumulative variance), the sixth factor "Technical capabilities" (12.37% of the total cumulative variance). The percentage contribution of these factors indicates the equivalent importance of these factors.  Conclusions. The training means for the development of special physical qualities and techniques, the dosage of the volume and intensity of loads for athletes 12-13 years old involved in Pole Sports are presented.