Predictive value of kinematic indicators for shot put result and selection of novice athletes

Abstract

Purpose: to determine the most significant kinematic indicators in the sports selection of beginner shot putters. Material and Methods: This study was carried out on a sample of 9 students at the fourth stage of the competition in Division 1, which took place in the 2017/2018 academic year at the Faculty of Physical Education of Maysan University. The following kinematic (biomechanical) parameters were analyzed: the angle of release of the nucleus, the velocity of release, the height of the point of ejection of the nucleus and the speed of swing. The correlation coefficients were determined between the kinematic indicators and the result in the shot put, as well as the regression equation for the dependence of the result in the shot put on the knematic indicators. The data obtained in the study were presented in the form of the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, median, skewness coefficient, Pearson's correlation coefficient, analysis of variance and linear regression, which included the contribution coefficients of each analyzed indicator, standard error, reliability of the regression equation as a whole, and reliability of the coefficients contribution to the shot put result of each kinematic exponent. Results. It has been shown that the swing speed has the greatest influence on the result in the shot put among beginner athletes. The swing speed, shot angle, shot speed and shot height have significant relationships with the shot put result. The multiple regression equation for the dependence of the shot put result on the swing speed, shot angle, shot height and shot point turned out to be reliable in general. However, only the swing speed has a reliable coefficient of the regression equation. The shot angle tends to be the determining factor in the shot put result. The release rate and the height of the release point have significant correlations with the shot put result, although in the regression equation they have unreliable indicators of influence on the shot put result. Conclusions. When teaching beginner shot putters, the greatest attention should be paid to the pushing swing technique, namely the swing speed. The second most important indicator is the angle of the shot put, it is recommended to use the basic prediction equation, which determines the expected results in the selection of young athletes in shot put, with high reliability of the results obtained. These characteristics are recommended to be used for evaluating young athletes, as well as in the process of training and preparing athletes for competitions.