Venom Vanquish: A Comprehensive Review on Ethnobotany and Phytochemistry of Significant Traditional Medicinal Plants

Abstract

Snakebite is a significant public health concern in many parts of the world, particularly in regions where venomous snakes are prevalent. Snakebites can range from mild to life-threatening, depending on the species of snake, the amount of venom injected, and the location of the bite. Globally, an estimated 5 million people are affected by snake bites each year, according to recent statistics. Since ancient times, traditional medicinal plants have been used to cure a wide range of illnesses, including snake bites. Secondary metabolites contained in plants were efficient in reducing the effects of snake venom. Snake venom is a potent toxin that can cause severe damage to the human body, affecting the nervous system, cardiovascular system, or both. Symptoms can range from mild swelling to life-threatening paralysis, respiratory failure, and hemorrhage. Enzyme activity is inhibited by flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins, which additionally hinder blood from clotting and lessen inflammation. Treatments for snake bites that are more beneficial and less hazardous could result from the isolation and synthesis of natural drugs. With the use of cutting-edge scientific methods, we can maximize their potential and use their secondary metabolites to develop novel medications and therapies. The study of these plants and their potential uses in contemporary medicine requires more funding and investigation. This will advance our knowledge of these plants and help us create cures for some of the most lethal diseases.