<i>In Vitro</i> Evaluation of Cytotoxicity Induced by Indoxacarb and its Amelioration with <i>Cassia fistula</i> Bark Extract

Abstract

The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the cytotoxic effect and biochemical alteration on exposure to the Indoxacarb (IDC) in the Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cell line and its amelioration by Ethanolic Bark Extract of Cassia fistula (EBECF). The MTT assay was used to study the cell viability and determine the IC50 value. The cells were further treated with IC25, IC12.5 and IC6.25 values of IDC alone and in combination with EBECF for 24, 48 and 72 hours. IDC-induced cytotoxicity was evident by cellular morphological changes such as rounding of cells, cellular swelling, blebs formation, nuclear degradation, intracytoplasmic changes and loss of intracytoplasmic contents. The biochemical alteration was observed as a significant increase (p<0.05) in the levels of Lipid Peroxidation (LPO) and cytotoxicity marker enzymes namely Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALKP), Acid Phosphatase (ACP) and Creatine Kinase (CK). These changes were dose-dependent in IDC-treated groups. EBECF intervention in IDC-treated cells ameliorated the toxicity against lower concentrations. Thus, the present study suggested that C. fistula bark has the potential to protect the cells from IDC-mediated toxicity to a limited extent.