Immunometabolic features of the formation of post-vaccination immunity against porcine circovirus type 2 in sows

Abstract

Relevance. Immunometabolic status plays an important role in the formation of post-vaccination immunity against porcine circovirus type 2 in sows. Methods. The object of the study was sows that were vaccinated with the “Ingelvac CircoFLEX” vaccine (Germany) on the 21st day of lactation after weaning their piglets (control group). In the experimental group, vaccination was combined with the administration of “Transfer Factor” obtained from leukocytes of hyperimmunized animals. The effectiveness of vaccination was assessed by parameters of immunometabolic status and production indicators. Results. The introduction of “Transfer Factor” into the vaccination scheme of sows against pig circovirus of the second type makes it possible to form an immunometabolism profile in the animals› body, promoting the production of virus-neutralizing antibodies in the required quantity, which is reflected in the value of production and economically important indicators as markers of the effectiveness of postvaccination immunity. This is achieved due to the fact that post-vaccination immunological reactions occur predominantly through the mechanism of a secondary immune response, as evidenced by an increase in the concentration of IgG by 1.46–1.55 times and a decrease in IgM by 1.63–2.11 times, compared with the control. The hepatoprotective properties of “Transfer Factor” modulate the functional ability of liver cells and stabilize the state of their membrane structures, which determines the orientation of protein and lipid metabolism in the body of sows in an anabolic direction, promoting the retention of protein nitrogen and the accumulation of reserve fats in the body of animals, the use of carbon residues of amino acids in the Krebs cycle through the regulation of the activity of transamination enzymes (AlAT, AST), control of the choleretic ability of hepatocytes, rational cholesterol metabolism. Correction of the immunometabolism status of sows in the post-vaccination period allows, in comparison with the control, to reduce the retirement of sows from the pig farm population by 21.05%, the stillbirth of piglets by 38.15%, increasing the number of adopted ones by 10.55%, and increasing the yield of piglets by 1 farrowing. 12.5 heads to 13 and their safety at farrowing is 0.80%.