The influence of pre-sowing treatment of seeds with molybdenum on the yield of pea grain in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan

Abstract

Relevance. Molybdenum is an essential micronutrient element necessary for plant growth and development. In addition to the fact that molybdenum is part of hormones and enzymes, in legumes it improves nitrogen fixation and nitrogen nutrition, increases the efficiency of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, thereby increasing productivity.The purpose of this work is to assess the effect of pre–sowing seed treatment with various doses of molybdenum on the yield of pea grain.The experiments were carried out in 2019–2023 in the conditions of the Cis-Ural steppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The material for the study was the pea cultivar Pamyati Popova.Methods. An ammonium molybdate solution at a dose of 10, 25, 40, 55 g of molybdenum per 1 kg of seeds was used for pre-sowing treatment. Phenological observations, determination of the completeness of germination and plant height, analysis of the yield structure were carried out in accordance with the methodology of the state cultivar testing of agricultural crops.Results. It was found that pre-sowing treatment of pea seeds of the cultivar Pamyati Popova with molybdenum at a dose of 40 and 55 g/c compared to the control resulted in a reliable (p ≤ 0.05) increase in field germination, safety of plants for harvesting, the number of nodules on 10 plants and their weight. As a result of processing pea seeds with molybdenum at doses of 25, 40 and 55 g/c, the number of beans per plant increased by 5.7–11.4%, the number of seeds per plant – by 13.2–19.5%, grain yield – by 7.3–10.7% compared with the control. Thus, in our experiments, pre-sowing treatment of seeds with molybdenum at a dose of 25–40 g/c was optimal for increasing the value of pea grain yield.