Abstract
Mycetoma is a chronic, granulomatous disease of human and various domestic animals caused by diverse causative agents. Recently, this mycosis has gained bad reputation due to the appearance of new endemic areas, recognition of new pathogenic species, changes in epidemiology, and increasing numbers of cases. The etiological agents in eumycetoma seem to be differ in human and animals. For example, _Madurella mycetomatis _are most common species in humans but only two cases have been reported in animal. While in animals the most common agents were _Pseudallescheria boydii._ However, there are few case reports and studies in animals compared to those in humans especially in endemic areas. Considering the epidemiological importance, taxonomic evolution and worldwide distribution of these fungi in the last decade, there is interest in identifying the species causing mycetoma in animals in different regions of the world. The present article only highlights on the geographic distribution of animal mycetoma in the world as well as the development and epidemiology of antifungal treatment in animals will also be discussed.