Depiction and analysis of a modified theta shaped double negative metamaterial for satellite application

Abstract

Abstract In this article, a modified Theta shaped, compact double negative metamaterial structure is designed and presented for satellite communication. Two oppositely faced E-shaped resonators are connected with the substantial Theta to complete the structure. A low profile dielectric substrate FR-4 is used to design the 9 × 9 mm2 unit cell which has a succinct structure where the attainment of the resonator is explored both integrally and experimentally. The proposed metamaterial has a transmission coefficient of 13 GHz (bandwidth) with a 500 MHz band gap at the middle. A correlation is made between the basic unit-cell and array structures, and a comparison is shown among 1 × 2, 2 × 2, and 4 × 4 array structures with 1 × 2, 2 × 2, and 4 × 4 unit-cell configurations to validate the performance of the proposed metamaterial. It has also been observed by the Nicolson–Ross–Weir approach at the resonating frequencies. The effective electromagnetic parameters retrieved from the simulation of the S-parameters imply that the metamaterial structure shows negative refraction bands. The structure shows negative permittivity at 2.60 to 5.16 GHz, 6.63 to 9.31 GHz and 13.03 to 16.18 GHz and negative permeability at 7.74 to 13.07 GHz and 13.88 to 16.55 GHz, respectively. It exhibits double-negative phenomena at X and Ku bands with a frequency range of about 1.17 GHz (8.14 – 9.31 GHz) and 1.42 GHz (13.80 – 15.22 GHz), respectively. Having an auspicious design and wide range double negative characteristics, this structure can be applied to satellite communication.