Update on mitochondria and muscle aging: all wrong roads lead to sarcopenia
Author:
Picca Anna1, Calvani Riccardo1, Bossola Maurizio2, Allocca Elena1, Menghi Amerigo1, Pesce Vito3, Lezza Angela Maria Serena3, Bernabei Roberto1, Landi Francesco1, Marzetti Emanuele1
Affiliation:
1. Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Teaching Hospital “Agostino Gemelli” , Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine , L.go F. Vito 1 , I-00168 Rome , Italy 2. Department of Surgery, Teaching Hospital “Agostino Gemelli” , Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine , I-00168 Rome , Italy 3. Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics , University of Bari , I-70125 Bari , Italy
Abstract
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a well-known geriatric syndrome that has been endorsed over the years as a biomarker allowing for the discrimination, at a clinical level, of biological from chronological age. Multiple candidate mechanisms have been linked to muscle degeneration during sarcopenia. Among them, there is wide consensus on the central role played by the loss of mitochondrial integrity in myocytes, secondary to dysfunctional quality control mechanisms. Indeed, mitochondria establish direct or indirect contacts with other cellular components (e.g. endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, lysosomes/vacuoles) as well as the extracellular environment through the release of several biomolecules. The functional implications of these interactions in the context of muscle physiology and sarcopenia are not yet fully appreciated and represent a promising area of investigation. Here, we present an overview of recent findings concerning the interrelation between mitochondrial quality control processes, inflammation and the metabolic regulation of muscle mass in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia highlighting those pathways that may be exploited for developing preventive and therapeutic interventions against muscle aging.
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
Clinical Biochemistry,Molecular Biology,Biochemistry
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