Turbulent boundary layer heat transfer of CuO–water nanofluids on a continuously moving plate subject to convective boundary

Abstract

Abstract The turbulent boundary layer (TBL) heat transfer of CuO–water nanofluids on a continuously moving plate subject to convective boundary are investigated. Five different shapes of nanoparticles are taken into account. Prandtl mixing length theory is adopted to divide the TBL into two parts, laminar sub-layer and turbulent region. The numerical solutions are obtained by bvp4c and accuracy is verified with previous results. It is found that the transfer of momentum and heat in the TBL is more obvious in laminar sub-layer than in turbulent region. The rise of velocity ratio parameter increases the velocity and temperature while decreases the local friction coefficient. The heat transfer increases significantly with the increase of velocity ratio parameter, Biot number, and nanoparticles volume fraction. For nanoparticles of different shapes, the heat transfer characteristics are Nu x (sphere) < Nu x (hexahedron) < Nu x (tetrahedron) < Nu x (column) < Nu x (lamina).