Investigation of the retention forces of secondary telescopic crowns made from Pekkton® ivory in combination with primary crowns made from four different dental alloys: an in vitro study

Abstract

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the retention forces of secondary telescopic crowns made of polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) in combination with primary crowns made of four different dental alloys and to determine whether the retention forces change in the course of up to 5000 simulated wear cycles. A total of four groups of telescopic crowns were investigated: group 1: 10 primary crowns made of a gold alloy (NEOCAST®3), group 2: 10 primary crowns made of a non-precious metal alloy (Girobond NB), group 3: 10 primary crowns made of zirconium (Cercon®base) and group 4: 10 primary crowns made from PEKK (Pekkton®ivory). The corresponding secondary crowns were made from PEKK in all the four groups. Each pair was fixed axially in a wear simulator specifically designed for the study. Overall, 10,000 joining and separating cycles were performed for each group. To simulate intraoral conditions, a saliva substitute served as a lubricant. Force transducers were used to record the retention forces and after completing 10,000 cycles, the surface of each primary crown was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). All groups showed an increase in the retention force for the first 2000 cycles which stayed constant for the remaining 8000 cycles. The Pekkton®ivory/Pekkton®ivory and NEOCAST®3/Pekkton®ivory combinations displayed mean retention force values of 16 N after a slight increase in the retention force. The Cercon®base/Pekkton®ivory and Girobond NB/Pekkton®ivory combinations displayed an initially high increase in the retention force and then showed a mean retention force of up to 29 N. All primary crowns displayed surface wear. Zirconium primary crowns showed the least wear compared to PEKK and the gold and non-precious metal alloys.