Influence of waist circumference on blood pressure status in non-obese adolescents

Author:

Benmohammed Karima1,Valensi Paul2,Nguyen Minh Tuan2,Benmohammed Farah3,Benlatreche Moufida4,Benembarek Karima5,Lezzar Alkassem1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Dr Benbadis University Hospital, Constantine University 3 , Constantine , Algeria

2. Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Jean Verdier hospital, APHP, Paris Nord University, CRNH-IDF, CINFO , Bondy , France

3. Santa Cabrini Hospital , Montreal , Canada

4. Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Constantine 1, Biology and genetics research laboratory , Constantine , Algeria

5. Department of Biochemistry, Research Laboratory on Biology and Genetic, Constantine University3 , Constantine , Algeria

Abstract

Abstract Objectives To check whether excess in abdominal adiposity and metabolic factors were associated with blood pressure abnormalities in non-obese adolescents. Methods We randomly selected 1100 adolescent students, aged 12–18 years, from schools and classrooms in the city of Constantine, Algeria. Among them 179 were overweight and 51 were obese (IOTF criteria). Waist circumference (WC) was considered high if >74 cm in boys and 75 cm in girls (mean of WC of all population studied). Hypertension (HBP) and prehypertension (preHBP) were defined by the NHBPEP’s 2004 criteria. Results The prevalence of HBP/preHBP were 13.0%/12.4% with no difference between boys and girls. The percentages of HBP/preHBP patients were 15.6%/15.6% in overweight adolescents, 5.9%/31.4% in obese adolescents and 12.9%/10.6% in adolescents with normal body weight (p < 0.0001). In obese adolescents, the prevalence of HBP was higher among boys than girls (36% vs. 27%, p = 0.002). In normal and overweight adolescents, the prevalence of HBP and preHBP was similar in boys and girls (11.9% vs. 11.0% and 14.7% vs. 12.1%); the association of WC (high vs. not high) with HBP was found in boys (16.1% vs. 8.8%, p = 0.009) but not in girls (12.1% vs. 10.2%), and with preHBP in girls (15.5% vs. 8.0%, p = 0.029) but not in boys (16.2% vs. 13.6%). Waist circumference [OR: 1.04 (1.03–1.06); p < 0.0001] and HOMA index [OR: 1.65 (1.13–2.39); p = 0.009] were associated with an increased risk of HBP. Conclusion In non-obese adolescents, a high WC, defined by values over the mean WC observed in our population, is associated with a higher risk of HBP in boys.

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health

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