1. 1) Present address: Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314–1 Shido, Sanuki City, Kagawa 769–2193, Japan.
2. 2) Present address: Center of Environmental Science for Human Life, Ochanomizu University, 2–1–1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112–8610, Japan.
3. 3) Present address: Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060–0812, Japan.
4. Chuchuhuasha — A drug used in folk medicine in the Amazonian and Andean areas. A chemical study of Maytenus laevis