Affiliation:
1. Ulyanovsk State University
Abstract
Replication of hepatitis C virus is possible not only in the target organ - liver cells, but also in the vascular endothelium, mononuclear cells, B lymphocytes, macrophages, bone marrow, myocardium, skin and endocrine glands, which explains the disease clinical diversity and extrahepatic manifestations in HCV patients. Extrahepatic manifestations range from 50 % to 74 %. Kidneys are the most common target organs for extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C. Renal irritation can lead to chronic HCV infection. Kidney disease can occur due to HCV influence on the renal epithelium and cryoglobulinemia development.
The purpose of our paper is to increase the doctors’ alertness to HCV, its atypical course, and the onset of extrahepatic manifestations. Correct and timely diagnosis and etiotropic therapy will lead to an improvement in the patient’s clinical status. Treatment of chronic HCV infection is a multisystem problem that any physician can face. Etiotropic therapy for chronic hepatitis C leads not only to virus elimination, but also to the relief of extrahepatic manifestations. Combination therapy with direct antiviral drugs (glecaprevir + pibrentasvir) has proven its effectiveness in patients with extrahepatic manifestations. Sustainable virological response allows not only to stop degenerative changes in the liver, but also to reduce the clinical symptoms of extrahepatic manifestations of chronic HCV infection, reduce the disability rate in the working population, and improve the quality of life.
Publisher
Ulyanovsk State University
Reference11 articles.
1. Sagynbaeva V.E., Lazebnik L.B., Golovanova E.V. Bystroprogressiruyushchiy glomerulonefrit s razvitiem sistemnogo krioglobulinemicheskogo vaskulita, assotsiirovannyy s khronicheskim virusnym gepatitom S [Rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis with the development of systemic cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, associated with chronic viral hepatitis C]. Eksperimental'naya i klinicheskaya gastroenterologiya. 2018; 154 (6): 164–169 (in Russian).
2. Bushueva N.V., Krel' P.E., Isaeva E.I. Markery virusa gepatita S v tkani pecheni, syvorotke i mononuklearnykh kletkakh perifericheskoy krovi bol'nykh khronicheskim gepatitom S i vnepechenochnye proyavleniya khronicheskoy HCV-infektsii [Hepatitis C virus markers in liver tissue, serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with chronic hepatitis C and extrahepatic manifestations of chronic HCV infection]. Rossiyskiy zhurnal gepatologii, gastroenterologii, koloproktologii. 2005; XV (2): 73–79 (in Russian).
3. Tsvetkov V.V., Tokin I.I., Pozdnyakova S.A. Klinicheskaya epidemiologiya vnepechenochnykh proyavleniy khronicheskoy infektsii, vyzvannoy virusom gepatita S [Clinical epidemiology of extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection]. Meditsinskiy sovet. 2019; 21: 248–253. DOI: 10.21518/2079-701X2019-21-248-253 (in Russian).
4. Rakhimova V.Sh., Egamova I.N., Yarmukhamedova N.A., Uralov O. Sovremennye aspekty diagnostiki vnepechenochnykh proyavleniy khronicheskogo virusnogo gepatita S [Modern approaches to diagnosing extrahepatic manifestations of chronic viral hepatitis C]. Voprosy nauki i obrazovaniya. 2020; 22 (105): 36–43 (in Russian).
5. Milovanova S.Yu., Kozlovskaya (Lysenko) L.V., Milovanova L.Yu. Assotsiirovannyy s HCV-infektsiey krioglobulinemicheskiy vaskulit s porazheniem pochek – sovremennye podkhody k diagnostike i lecheniyu [Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis with kidney damage associated with HCV infection – modern approaches to diagnosis and treatment]. Terapevticheskiy arkhiv. 2019; 91 (6): 124–130. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.06.000254 (in Russian).