1. 1988. In an informal presentation to the Philosophy Club at the University of Alberta, Winter
2. It may be objected that the reliability condition R is not appropriately imputed to the students, who, after all, have non-zero probabilities for various events which would prevent the teacher's intentions from being fulfilled. If we think of N as standing for the proposition that none of these disruptive events takes place (N is a ‘normality’ condition), we can conditionalize R and AUon N. The inconsistency of AE, AU, and R (the last two thus conditionalized), still holds, although the proof is not quite so quick. I thank Dave Sharp for an assist with that proof.