1. Wittgenstein, Wittgenstein. ‘It can't be said of me at all (except perhaps as a joke) that Iknowthat I am in pain. What is it supposed to mean—except that Iamin pain?’ (PI 246. See also PI 258–71) Undaunted by the text, in which Wittgenstein also argues that if pains were private objects they could not be objects of knowledge, the Hintikkas say, ‘…Wittgenstein is not intending his own words to be taken literally when he apparently voices doubts about the certainty of our knowledge of our own private experiences…’ (261).